WIRELESS BODY AREA NETWORK (WBAN): A SECURE AND EFFICIENT ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR WIRELESS BODY AREA NETWORKS
Keywords:
WBAN, Routing Protocols, Body Area Network, Energy EfficiencyAbstract
Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are a new technology that helps improve people's lives by keeping track of patients in hospitals and outside, monitoring athletes, assisting the military, and supporting various multimedia tasks. These sensors can be placed on or inside people's bodies, making it easy to monitor their health without disrupting their daily routines. WBANs are useful for detecting long-term health problems, keeping an eye on patients after surgery, and responding quickly to emergencies. However, using WBANs also brings up security issues that need to be addressed, including how the network is set up, how data is transmitted, and ways to make the system more secure and energy-efficient. A Body Area Network (BAN) consists of devices that sense and communicate events in their environment. Despite being around for over 20 years, BAN technology has recently surged in popularity due to smaller, more powerful devices, better communication protocols, and longer-lasting batteries. BANs find extensive use in healthcare, providing continuous data streams that help physicians make informed treatment decisions. Recent literature reviews cover BAN architectures, energy sources, applications, and challenges, emphasizing safety, security, and sustainability requirements. Meanwhile, Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs), a subset of WSNs, have gained significant traction, particularly post-pandemic, for their ability to remotely diagnose, treat, and monitor patients. This technology benefits elderly individuals, those with chronic conditions, and emergency cases, reducing hospital bed occupancy and enhancing patient safety.
References
M. Yaghoubi, K. Ahmed, and Y. Miao, “Wireless body area network (WBAN): a survey on architecture, technologies, energy consumption, and security challenges,” Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 1–34, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.3390/jsan11040067.
D. Vera, N. Costa, L. Roda-Sanchez, T. Olivares, A. Fernández-Caballero, and A. Pereira, “Body area networks in healthcare: a brief state of the art,” Applied Sciences, vol. 9, no. 16, pp. 1–19, Aug. 2019, doi: 10.3390/app9163248.
Y. Qu, G. Zheng, H. Ma, X. Wang, B. Ji, and H. Wu, “A survey of routing protocols in WBAN for healthcare applications,” Sensors, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 1–24, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.3390/s19071638.
C. Aishwarya, “Wireless body area networks–a review,” International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 88–91, 2022.
S. S. Gupta, N. Gupta, and B. Verma, “An enhanced energy efficient protocol for wireless body area network,” in 2022 Second International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Computing, Communication and Sustainable Technologies (ICAECT),
Apr. 2022, pp. 1–5, doi: 10.1109/ICAECT54875.2022.9807836.
S. Raed and S. A. Alabady, “A review on energy efficient routing protocols in wireless body area networks (WBAN) for healthcare,” Journal of Network Communications and Emerging Technologies (JNCET), vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 1–6, 2020.
S. S. Wali and M. N. Abdullah, “Review of wireless body sensor networks,” International Journal of Engineering & Technology, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 863–870, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.14419/ijet.v9i4.31193.
C. R. Prasad and P. Bojja, “A hybrid energy-efficient routing protocol for wireless body area networks using ultra-low-power transceivers for eHealth care systems,” SN Applied Sciences, vol. 2, no. 12, pp. 1–11, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1007/s42452-020-03900-x.
R. Kaur, R. Pasricha, and B. Kaur, “A study of wireless body area networks and its routing protocols for healthcare environment,” Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering), vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 136–152, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.2174/2352096512666190305152857.
Y. Qu, G. Zheng, H. Wu, B. Ji, and H. Ma, “An energy-efficient routing protocol for reliable data transmission in wireless body area networks,” Sensors, vol. 19, no. 19, pp. 1–15, Sep. 2019, doi: 10.3390/s19194238.
S. S. Wali and M. N. Abdullah, “Review of wireless body sensor networks,” International Journal of Engineering & Technology, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 863–870, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.14419/ijet.v9i4.31193.
D. Vera, N. Costa, L. Roda-Sanchez, T. Olivares, A. Fernández-Caballero, and A. Pereira, “Body area networks in healthcare: a brief state of the art,” Applied Sciences, vol. 9, no. 16, pp. 1–19, Aug. 2019, doi: 10.3390/app9163248.
S. Shokeen and D. Parkash, “A systematic review of wireless body area network,” in 2019 International Conference on Automation, Computational and Technology Management (ICACTM), Apr. 2019, pp. 58–62, doi: 10.1109/ICACTM.2019.8776847.
P. Kaur and S. S. Kang, “Hybrid routing protocol for wireless body area networks,” International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, vol. 8, no. 10, pp. 1926–1932, Aug. 2019, doi: 10.35940/ijitee.J9273.0881019.
L. Zhong et al., “Technological requirements and challenges in wireless body area networks for health monitoring: a comprehensive survey,” Sensors, vol. 22, no. 9, pp. 1–22, May 2022, doi: 10.3390/s22093539.
J. V. Ananthi and P. S. H. Jose, “A perspective review of security challenges in body area networks for healthcare applications,” International Journal of Wireless Information Networks, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 451–466, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s10776-021-00538-3.
Y. Qu, G. Zheng, H. Ma, X. Wang, B. Ji, and H. Wu, “A survey of routing protocols in WBAN for healthcare applications,” Sensors, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 1–24, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.3390/s19071638.
P. Saini, V. Jain, S. Tayal, and R. Kumar, “Wireless body area sensor networks based on IEEE 802.15.4: a survey,” International Journal of Enhanced Research in Science, Technology & Engineering, vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 11–15, 2020.
A. K. Sagar, L. Banda, S. Sahana, K. Singh, and B. Kumar Singh, “Optimizing quality of service for sensor enabled internet of healthcare systems,” Neuroscience Informatics, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 1–16, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.neuri.2021.100010.
K. Vidakis, A. Mavrogiorgou, A. Kiourtis, and Di. Kyriazis, “A comparative study of short-range wireless communication technologies for health information exchange,” in 2020 International Conference on Electrical, Communication, and Computer Engineering (ICECCE), Jun. 2020, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.1109/ICECCE49384.2020.9179478.
Y. Qu, G. Zheng, H. Wu, B. Ji, and H. Ma, “An energy-efficient routing protocol for reliable data transmission in wireless body area networks,” Sensors, vol. 19, no. 19, pp. 1–15, Sep. 2019, doi: 10.3390/s19194238.
G. Yang, X.-W. Wu, Y. Li, and Q. Ye, “Energy efficient protocol for routing and scheduling in wireless body area networks,” Wireless Networks, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 1265–1273, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.1007/s11276-019-02150-z.
S. S. Gupta, N. Gupta, and B. Verma, “An enhanced energy efficient protocol for wireless body area network,” in 2022 Second International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Computing, Communication and Sustainable Technologies (ICAECT), Apr. 2022, pp. 1–5, doi: 10.1109/ICAECT54875.2022.9807836.
S. Raed and S. A. Alabady, “A review on energy efficient routing protocols in wireless body area networks (WBAN) for healthcare,” Journal of Network Communications and Emerging Technologies (JNCET), vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 1–6, 2020.
Q. Liu, K. G. Mkongwa, and C. Zhang, “Performance issues in wireless body area networks for the healthcare application: a survey and future prospects,” SN Applied Sciences, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 1–19, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s42452-020-04058-2.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Pranjali Bagri, Jaya Dipti Lal, Rekha Jain (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
